If one said in error Ho'eitz on foods requiring Ho'adama, it is necessary to say the proper Brocho. [One should say after the erroneous brocho "baruch shem kvod malchuso le'olom vo'ed.]

If in error one said Hagafen on grapes, it is acceptable and no other brocho is to be said.

If one said in error Shehakol on any food, it is acceptable and there is no need to say another brocho.

If one started eating and did not say a brocho and realizes his error while the food is in his mouth and the food is such that if he took it out of his mouth, it would not be repulsive (such as hard candy), he needs to remove the food and say the brocho. If however it would be repulsive (such as a chewed piece of meat), then he should push the food to the side of the mouth and say the brocho.
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